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Maryland State Archives Maryland Colonization Journal Collection MSA SC 4303 msa_sc4303_scm11070-0106 Enlarge and print image (5M) |
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Maryland State Archives Maryland Colonization Journal Collection MSA SC 4303 msa_sc4303_scm11070-0106 Enlarge and print image (5M) |
| 110 MARYLAND COLONIZATION JOURNAL. Another kingdom in the interior is called Yar- riba. It borders on the Niger. Its capital is Ka- tunga. North of Yarriba is Borgoo, an extensive country containing eight states. Niki, the most powerful of these states, is said to have not less than seventy considerable and important towns dependent upon it, all of which have several smaller towns and villages under their control. Westward are the Sooiiuianas and Soosoos, com- munities which, on account of their situation, may receive the means of their moral illumination more conveniently, perhaps, from Sierra Leone, than from any other quarter. Soolima is about two hundred miles from Sierra Leone. Major Laing's account of his visit to this country, in 1822, is deeply interesting, and renders it proba- ble that no part of Africa affords a.bettcr field for missionary labours. We must make a distinction between the origi- nal inhabitants of the country, and the foreign races from Arabia and other ports of Asia. The latter are firmly established in the ancient seats of civilization on the north. The Copts Brebes, Tibboos, and Ttiarirks, are remnants of native tribes, and are either sunk in degradation, or wan- der in dark recesses of mountains, or over desert plains. The native ami foreign races mix on the banks of the Niger and Tshadda, above the junc- tion of the two fivers. The Negro is more mild, hospitable, and liberal than the Moor. The latter has been guilty of most of the atrocities commit- ted against European travellers. Except the Ethiopic language, and some un- known characters inscribed by the Tuancks on their rocks, there is nothing like writing among all the aboriginal tribes of Africa—not even a hieroglyphic, or a symbol. Christian missiona- ries have introduced writing in South Alrica, and among the nations back of Sierra Leone. The Moors have introduced writing into Central Afri- ca: but it is used chiefly as a tool of the magic art, for manufacturing charms and fetishes. The charms are written in Arabic. The Koran is used as a charm. Only a few of the great sheiks and doctors can read it. COLONIZATION JOURNAL. MONDAY, APRIL 1, 1839. AII communications intended for the Maryland Colonization Journal, or on business of the Society, should be addressed to the Rev. Ira A. Eastfr, Home Agent, Colonization Rooms, Post Office Building. Mr. Roberts having, for the present, closed his collections in the city of Baltimore, will early in this month proceed under the direction of the Executive, to some point either on the Eastern or Western Shore. His principal object will be to obtain contributions to the funds of this socie- ty, for general purposes, in connection with sub- scriptions to the Colonization Journal. Mr. Kennard will direct his undivided atten- tion to soliciting contributions for the vessel. We bespeak for these faithful agents the kindness and liberality which has hitherto marked the con- duct of the friends of colonization, wherever they have laboured. Extract from the last annual message of Governor Yeazey, to the Legislature of Maryland. 'By the report of the managers of the State Colonization Fund, herewith submitted, it appears that the fund, during the last year, has been ap- plied, through the agency of the State Coloniza- tion Society, in the removal of the free people of colour, who wore willing to emigrate to the colony from Maryland, at Cape Palmas, as well as to the improvement and preparation of the colony, with a view to further emigration. The disbursements of the state managers seem to have been judi- ciously regulated, and the conduct of these gentle- men, whose responsible office is without emolu- ment, and whose only compensation is the con- sciousness of doing good, commends itself to favour and approval. From what is reported by the state managers, it would appear that the spirit of abolition has been actively disseminated fiom abroad among the free people of colour of Maryland, and that it exhibits itself in opposition to the plan of colonization : against which particularly as carried on in Mary- land, the efforts of the abolitionists have been principilly directed. Wherever abolition doc- trines find footing among the free people of colour, they are found exhorting one another to remain in the state, alleging that this is all that is necessary to procure for them what they call their rights, by which they mean equality of condition, social and political, with the whites; and the State Coloniza- tion Society reports that'in very many instances, families of free coloured people, who have deter- mined to emigrate, and have sold their property, and otherwise prepared to embark for Cape Pal- mas, have been diverted from their purpose by the insidious and mischievous falsehoods, and the treacherous and deceitful promises of the aboli- tionists. In reference to this condition of things, it would seem the wisest course that could he adopted to cherish colonization, as the uncompro- mising antagonist of abolition ; of its value in this respect, no better proof can be given than is fur- nished by the conduct of the abolitionists them- selves, who, did they not deem it their most pow- erful opponent, would not wage against it, the warfare, which all their publications and all their agents arc mainly employed in carrying on. The report of the State Colonization Society, whieh accompanies that of the managers of the state fund, represents the condition of the Mary- land colony, as highly encouraging, and shows that the society, countenanced by the state mana- gers, is judiciously preparing the colony to re- ceive, with ease and comfort, that increased emi- gration from Maryland, which the gradual expo- sure of the fallacy of the arguments of the aboli- tionists, who are the worst foes of the coloured race, and the pressure of circumstances must inevitably produce. The state society represents that the plan of independent state action first adopted in Maryland, and which repudiates all extraneous and unsolicited interference with the subject of slavery, continues to find general ac- ceptance amongst our southern neighbours, and to promote in an efficient and most encouraging man- ner, the operation of colonization in Maryland.' John H. Wright, $1 00 Jacob Rinehart, by Jos. Doub, 1 00 Win. Brenison, 1 00 Thos. Shanley, 1 00 Henry Moore, 1 00 John G. Hanzche 1 00 A. George, 1 00 C. D.Hinks, ] 00 Joseph Symins, Dr. R. H. Thomas 2 00 Philip Waggoner, 1 00 5 00 Caspar Waggoner 25 Fielder Israel, 5 00 John Goodman, 2.5. M. O'Laughlen, 5 00 Mrs. Hollings- Jas. Howard, 5 00 worth, 1 00 Joshua Walker, 5 00 S. Scribner, 1 DO Geo. Stonebraker, 5 00 W.H. Richardson 5 00 Sullivan &. Cook, 10 00 John Abbess, 1 00 Chas. R. Powel, 1 00 Matthew Clarke, 2 00 John Armstrong, 1 00 Chauncey Brooks 5 00 Thos. D. Hiss, 1 00 Chas. W. Krebbs, 5 00 Anti-Abolitionist, 2 00 Wm. E. Mayhew Federal Earickson , 1 00 & tCo. 10 00 Tobias Nixdorf, 1 00 E. Dennison, 1 00 G. H Mitnacht, 1 00 Nicholas S.Wood, l 00 H. Pollock, 1 00 Hiss & Austen, 5 00 Charles Towson, 2 00 Drs. Jennings and J. Hannon, 1 00 Owings, 8 00 W. F. Murdoch, 5 00 B. C. Wright, 1 00 Rev.J.C.Backus. 10 00 F. Konig, 1 00 Robert Gilmor, 50 00 Danl. Robinson, 1 00 Cash in sums of $2 James Getty, 1 00 and under, 7 12 B. Whitely, 1 00 The interesting debate between the Rev. Mr. Gurley, the Agent of the American Colonization Society, and the Rev. Mr. Blanchard, an aboli- tionist, which commenced on Monday, closed on yesterday afternoon. The controversy was the result of a challenge from the abolitionists. Mr. Blanchard is their proudest and ablest champion. Mr. Gurley was triumphant throughout. His closing speech on yesterday, was one of the most splendid specimens of genuine eloquence we have ever listened to. He fully and triumphantly sus- tained the cause of colonization, and scattered to the winds every argument advanced by his oppo- nent. This is not our opinion alone ; but it is the general sentiment of those present. We propose, at no distant day, when the excite- ment which this discussion has created has sub- sided, to notice at length, some of the arguments advanced by the abolition champion, and to hold them up to that public indignation which they merit. His appeal to the prejudices and worst passions of the black population, who were there in numbers, cannot be too strongly condemned. The man who will endeavour to enlist the pas- sions of one class of citizens against another, to the detriment of the peace and order of society, is an unworthy and dangerous member of society, and this wa9 the tendency of the reverend agita- tor's remarks, from the beginning to the end. The coloured population are already sufficient- ly impudent and insolent to their white brethren without the aid of any such ghostly prompters as the Rev. Mr. Blanchard. It was only yesterday, that we overheard a negro remark to his compa- nion in the street, that a gentleman who partici- pated in the debate at the late colonization meet- ing at the college ball, ought to have his throat cut for language said to have been uttered by him upon that occasion. They had been drinking in the poisonous eloquence of the Rev Mr. Blan- chard. We are not in the temper or mood to make fur- ther comment upon the dangerous consequences to society which such appeals to the prejudices of our black population as we have animadverted upon, arc calculated to produce. A meeting of the friends of colonization, is an- nounced for this evening at the college hall, for the purpose of effectually organizing the society. A meeting of the citizens has also been announ- ced, to take place on to-morrow evening, at the court-bou9e, for the purpose of expressing their approbation of the views and objects of the colo- nizationists and their abhorrence of abolition.— Cincinnati Republican, March 8. Anti-Abolition Meeting. At one of the largest meetings ever held in the city of Cincinnati, assembled at the court-house, on Saturday evening, the 9th inst., David Griffin, Esq., was appointed president, Major J. F. Con- over and General C. Hales, vice-presidents, and G. W. Bradbury and J. Graham, secretarit-. General R. T. Lytle was called for, and in his able and eloquent manner, stated the object of the meeting, after which he offered the following pre- amble and resolutions: Whereas, The citizens of Cincinnati having, for a length of time, endured with a patience and for- bearance as commendable to their good taste as a law-abiding and peace-seeking people—as it was abhorrent to their good feelings, nigh sense of jus- tice, and unquestionable patriotism, the active operations of a meagre clan, who style themselves abolitionists, and seek by the public exposition of doctrines conceived to be not only dangerous but fatal to order, liberty and law—consider it due to themselves at this time as American citizens, in a public and solemn manner, to protest against their proceedings—to denounce their measures, and by a full, clear, and emphatic expression of public sentiment as it really exists with almost the en- tire mass of our population, to repress their efforts, to repudiate the doctrines of this misguided ami dangerous association, and in the most public manner to convey this sentiment abroad, with the seal of their indignant reprehension and rebuke. Be it therefore Resolved, By the citizens of Cin- cinnati, in town meeting assembled, that they re- member with reverence that compact, which, alter the severe toil, and most self-sacrificing energies of our revolutionary sages, resulted in the forma- tion of the existing republic, and induced the sove- reign and independent states, by articles ol con- federation, to establish this Union, as a legacy worthy of our protection and dear to the hearts of American freemen. Resolved, That any association, calculated by its principles to break this contract, is a breach of faith to the dead, an absolute wrong to the living— detestable alike for its bad faith, and its insurrec- tionary and most treasonable designs. Resolved, That so long as these societies exist, and continue their exertions, we will oppose them by such legislation as will place the aiders and abettors of such schemes in their true positions, as parricidal enemies to the land that has fostered and protected them, and use all honest efforts to make the propagandist of their doctrines amenable by law, to the penalties appropriate to a mischie- vous internal foe. Resolved, That in the agency of the Coloniza- tion Society, we discover the only sure, safe and feasible prospect, from the ills of slavery, and cor- dially embrace it, as the most mild and rational, and philanthropic means of African freedom and emancipation for that population now resident in America. M. N. McLean, Esq., moved that the preamble and resolutions be referred to a committee of live, for the purpose of making any amendments tlu'y might consider necessary. This motion was dis- cussed at length, and finally lost, by a large ma- jority ; the preamble and resolutions were then adopted, by the meeting without adissenting voice. J. Graham offered the following resolution, which was unanimously adopted : Resolved, That in the opinion of this meeting, abolitionists, by their measures, are not only strik- ing at the basis of our union, and sowing discord among the different states, but are also pursuing a course eminently and inevitably calculated to prevent all amelioration of the condition of the coloured race. The meeting was addressed by Gen. Lytic, \V. F. Thomas, Esq., and several others. The proceedings of the meeting were conducted with the most perfect order and harmony, and ad- journed at an early hour. Resolved, That the papers of this city be re- quested to publish the proceedings of this meet- ing. D. Griffin, President. Charles Hales J. F. Conover Vice Pres'ts. G. W. Bradbury, Jos. Graham, Secretaries During the past week our city has been the scene of much excitement and controversy upon abolition matters, which excitement, we trust, is likely to result in most wholesome consequences. First, we had the debate on Columbia street, the fruit of a challenge from the abolitionists to the Rev. R. R. Gurley, which lasted lour days, and is acknowledged on all hands, to have ended in the total discomfiture of the challenging party. On Friday evening, there was an adjourned meeting at the college hall, composed of the friends of the colonization cause. The proceed- ings of this assemblage will be found in our paper of to-day. We were glad to notice at the college, on the evening in question, a large portion of our most respectable ladies. Various eloquent ad- dresses were delivered, and the meeting was one of the most interesting which has been in the city for many months. On Saturday night, came off the great meeting at the court house, of those opposed to abolition- ism, root and branch. The pioceedings on this occasion, will also be found in to-day's paper. It was a gathering of those opposed to the wild schemes of the abolitionists, and in favor of res- cuing the city from the foul imputation and dis- graceful reproach of being the asylum and retreat of the abolitionists—a city of fanatics in their worst form—a hive swarming with these danger- ous disorganize™. As was anticipated, even notwithstanding vio- lent opposition in some quarters, the assemblage was one of the most numerous convened in the city for a great length of time. The capacious court-room and gallery were not only literally crowded, but large numbers were forced to re- main in the yard, in consequence of inability to obtain room inside. Throughout the whole of this multitude, the most perfect order was preserved, and a singular harmony of feeling seemed to pre- vail. The various resolutions passed without a dissenting voice, an unanimity as singular as it was desirable. The speeches were vociferously applauded—a common sentiment acted upon the minds of the entire mass. It is a matter of sincere gratulation to every lover of good order, to find that this crowd ga- thered together quietly, transacted its business efficiently and harmoniously, and dispersed with similar evidence of proper feeling, leaving not the slightest foundation upon which to build the asser- tion that there was any disorderly conduct. We particularly mention tiie fact, because it falsifies all the hopes and predictions of the opponents and enemies of the meeting. In this community the abolitionists have nothing to fear fiom violence, although violence may be by them desired and in- vited. They have much to fear from the condem- nation of public opinion, the manly and indignant rebuke and reprehension of every patriotic citizen. Upon this subject we shall have more to say anon; in the meantime, we commend the pro- ceedings of this meeting to the attention of the friends of the union, in every quarter of our land, as the real feeling, honestly and frankly expressed, of the great body of the people of Cincinnati.— There was no political gathering—no distinction of party—no exclusive sect, but an unbiassed, free and unprejudiced declaration of sentiment in terms that cannot be mistaken or misinterpreted. Let the declaration have its weight.— Cin.. Rep. (From the Daily Advertiser and Patriot.) Boston. A meeting of the Ladies' Society for the Pro- motion of Education in Africa, was held at the Hall, ;il Tremont street, on Saturday evening, at which Bishop Griswold presided. The meeting was addressed very ably and ap- propriately by Mr. Cresson, who took occasion to point out some of the advantages which would follow the establishment of schools in Africa, and he dwelt particularly on the evidence, which led him to believe that the efforts in this cause would be successful. The natives had already discovered the advantages and the new powers which civili- zation afforded, and they were desirous of acquir- ing information, obtaining books, and securing to themselves the improvements which the civilized colonies on the western coast already enjoyed. Africa was at present literally 'stretching forth her hands to God,' and the times were propitious for the civilized world to make renewed efforts to dispel the darkness which had long dwelt over that unfortunate country, and by introducing the light of civilization and presenting the cheering hopes of Christianity, something would be done to mitigate the wrongs which she had suffered for centuries. Nations calling themselves civilized had torn from her fifty millions of her children, and hitherto the slave-traders had made Africa a scene of constant war and violence. The estab- lishment of the colony at Liberia was already exerting a powerful influence on all the neigh- bouring tribes, who were beginning to see how destructive to their interest was the slave trade, and were now making efforts to abandon it. Mr. C. mentioned a number of facts, showing how desirous many of the Africans were to learn to read, and to acquire a knowledge of the books of the white man. He mentioned one instance of the son of a king, who had made two voyages to this country, working his passage for the sole purpose of obtaining an education, and was still pursuing that object in London at the present time, overcoming every obstacle, and making grout progress in his studies. We think no one could have attendeil this meeting wilbout being satisfied that this society has a truly philanthropic object in view, and one, too, worthy the aid and support of every friend of the human race. It is an object on which both the friends and enemies of colonization can unite ; and we trust that all the friends of Africa and of the African race, will give it their aid and sup- port, and will unite their efforts in allbrding to their fellow beings in Africa, now involved in pagan darkness, and rent and torn by civil con- tentions, the benefits and hopes of civilization and Christianity. (From the Boston Recorder.) LINES. Written in aid of a benevolent effort, for the MUsionsry Schools in Ceylon. Island of the distant sea,— Rich with every varied dye, Flower, and plant, and lofty tree, Glowing 'neath a radiant sky. Summer lingers in thy vales,— Scattering fruits and blossoms free,— Spicy odours load thy gales, Nature's beauty blesseth thee. But there's winter in thy soul, Darkness on thy children's head, Floods of pagan sorrow roll, O'er the living and the dead. Christians,—for that heathen land, Lilt to heaven, the voice of prayer; Labour with untiring hand,— Send the glorious gospel there. Gather to its peaceful shade, Every lamb that wanders wide, Till there swell from hill and glade. Anthems to the crucilied. L. H. S. (From the Baltimore American.) Gentlemen:—I had the pleasure of hearing the speech of Mr. Sollers at the late meeting, at Annapolis, of the Maryland C'oluiiization Society; and 1 was glad to find it presented to the public in the columns of the 'Patriot.' This was but jus- tice to the author of a very tasteful effort, and to a most judicious and glowing view of a subject of profound concern to Humanity and to our social order. Mr. Sollers occupies a highly respectable position as a member of the House ol Delegates, and cannot liiil to have the just influence which is sure to be won by a cultivated intellect and dis- criminating judgment: and his merit is enhanced by his unassuming spirit which, with every quali- fication to make him prominent, neither courts notoriety or seems to challenge applause. 1 hope it may be practicable for you to republish trie speech of Mr. Sollers, the more fully to diffuse and honour the sentiments he has so truly and earnestly enforced. A Marylander. Remarks of Augustus R. Sollers, Esq. At the recent meeting of the Colonization Society at Annapolis, Augustus R. Sollers, Esq. of Calvert county, in presenting a resolution in favour of the objects of the society, made an effective and eloquent speech, of which we have been furnished with the following sketch: I propose, Mr. President, to offer a few remarks upon the resolution which I have had the honour to ofler, setting forth, as I humbly conceive it does, the relative effects of colonization and aboli- tion. There is, sir, a moral grandeur about coloniza- tion which cannot fail to attract the profound admiration of every truly philanthropic mind; and the date of its institution must ever be consi- dered as an era of more enlarged benevolence and enlightened philanthropy. But, although colonization may seem to be the offspring of that active and almost universal spirit of benevolence, which so strongly characterizes the age in which we live, and which, I admit, is essentially necessary in carrying into practical effect its views, yet, I think, its origin may be fairly attributed '" that great source of so many stupendous inventions—I mean necessity. The fact of two distinct and separate races of people, inhabiting the same territory, living under the same government, while one portion enjoys all the. blessings of rational liberty, ami the other exists in a state of bondage, and against the social intercourse, between whom, the hand of the Al- mighty has seemed to raise an eternal barrier, presents an anomaly not to be met with in the history of modern states, and it may well be a question with the statesman and philosopher, whether, under such circumstances, it is possible for a nation to be prosperous and happy. Colo- nization presumes that it cannot—and it therefore seeks to divide the two races. But, it is not to the present, gloomy though that may be, that the eye of the philanthropist is alone directed. It looks to the future, and in the exercise of its present functions, points out the dangers that may attend a succeeding generation. And who that looks at the unparalleled increase of the coloured population of the country, and the dissemination of the doctrines ol abolition, but must tremble for those who are to succeed us ! Who that calmly reflect, but must be irresistibly led to the conclusion that the inevitable result must be (without the interposition of colonization) amalgamation or extermination. Here, then, is the origin, here the necessity for colonization. In view then of this awlul result, in contem- plating which the very heart sickens, and in view, too, of the degraded condition of the coloured man, it is no matter of wonder, that, at a period when philanthropy spuming the narrow bounds of communities or nations, wings its flight to every corner of the earth, alleviating human suffering and dispensing the blessed truths of the gospel. I say, at such a period, it is no matter of astonish- ment that some expedient should be attempted, by which the fearful result, to which I have alluded, might be averted, and the condition of the coloured man ameliorated. To effect this laudable and truly christian object, attempts have been made at various times, but without success. Starting from correct prin- ciples, they have either been too rapid in carrying them into practical operation, or running into the other extreme, they have degenerated into the most unbounded fanaticism. Of this character is abolition. If ever a dark and subtle spirit per- vaded any land, and threatened to shake the basis of its entire social system, it is the spirit of aboli- Contributions to the Maryland Statt Colonization Society, by the citizen of Baltimore, through their Agent, Mr. Roberts, in the month of March. |