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334 Index
Eisenstadt v. Baird, 202
Election campaigns
corruption in, 95-96
FECA and Fund Act, 97-99
Kennedy-Nixon, 91-92
Nixon-McGovern, 92
presidential, 92-94
public funding of, 99, 105
reform attempts, 96-99
See also Buckley v. Valeo
Electoral college, 93
Electric chair
electrocution attempt described,
164-66, 172-73
introduction of, 162-63
See also Cruel and unusual punish-
ment; Death penalty
Engel v. Vitale, 118-26
Enlightenment, Age of, 111-12
Equal protection clause
admissions programs, 222, 224-25
Haitian refugees case, 238
illegal aliens, 243-44
race segregation, 215
rational basis test, 224, 227, 244
strict scrutiny test, 224-25,227,244
Establishment clause
cases interpreting, 116-18, 127
Estes, Billy Sol, 146-47
Everson v. Board of Education,
116-17
Evans, John Louis, III, 172-73
Exclusionary rule, 134
Cardozo on, 136
emergence of, 135-36
good faith exception, 142
Lindway rule, 137, 138-39
states excepted from, 137
states not excepted from, 141-42
Fair trial vs. free press
Nebraska gag order case, 151-58
televised court proceedings, 146-48
FECA. See Federal Election Cam-
paign Act
Federal Election Campaign Act
amendments to, 98-99
Buckley amendment, 101-2
provisions of, 97
Federal Election Commission
composition and appointment, 99
constitutionality, 102, 103, 105
Federalist, The
judicial review, 8
Federalist party
emergence and decline, 94-95
Field, Justice Stephen Johnson
Fourteenth Amendment's mean-
ing, 26
Fifth Amendment
election campaigns, spending lim-
its, 102, 104
Haitian refugees, 236, 238
just compensation, 5, 12
Fighting words, 86
First Amendment
doctor's counseling of patients, 195,
198-200
evolution, 76-79
obscenity exception, 133-34, 139
origins, 112-13
Sixth Amendment in tension with,
155
See also Free press; Free speech;
Peaceable assembly; Political
speech
Flag salute cases, 113-16
Four horsemen (of Supreme Court),
43
Fourteenth Amendment
applied to states, 42-43
citizen defined, 206, 207
court factions on role of, 43
Haitian refugees, 236, 238
illegal aliens, 243-44
primary purpose, 227
racial classifications, 228
stated, 134
See also Due process clause; Incor-
poration theory
Fourth Amendment
origins, 134-35
See also Exclusionary rule; Search
warrants
Francis, Willie, 164-72 passim
Frankfurter, Justice Felix
birth control, 195
Dred Scott case, 22
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