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Index 337
Necessary and proper clause, 255,
257-58, 260
Neier, Aryeh, 84, 85
Nelson, Justice Samuel
presidential war powers, 275
New Republic
Bay of Pigs story, 58
New York Times
Bay of Pigs story, 59-61
Cuban missile crisis, 61-63
Pentagon Papers case, 64-65
Ninth Amendment
privacy, 198-99, 201, 207
Nixon, President Richard M.
campaign contributions to, 92
Nullification, 261-62
Obscenity
defined, 133
Mapp v. Ohio, 137-42
First Amendment protection ex-
cepted, 133-34, 139
Palko v. Connecticut, 28-29
Parties. See Political parties
Patronage, 95
Peaceable assembly, 73
evolution of concept, 75-76
origins, 75
See also First Amendment; Free
press; Free speech
Pentagon Papers case, 64-65
Pierce, President Franklin
foreign policy, 266
Greytown incident, 268-75, 278
Planned Parenthood, 191-99 pas-
sim
Political action committees
constitutionality of expenditures
by, 105
FECA amendments, 98
Political parties
emergence of, 94-95
See also Election campaigns
Political question doctrine, 280-81
Political speech
Buckley v. Valeo, 102-7
campaign spending as, 99-100, 102
Powell, Justice Lewis
reverse discrimination, 226-29
Pregnancy, 204-5
President
election methods, 92-94
Fund Act, 97
See also Buckley v. Valeo; Election
campaigns; Presidential Election
Campaign Fund Act
Presidential Election Campaign Fund
Act
amendments to, 99
Buckley amendment, 101-2
provisions of, 97
Press
Bay of Pigs' effect on, 54-55
gag orders, 151-58
Grenada invasion, 66
Greytown incident, 272-73
Skokie case coverage, 84
See also Fair trial vs. free press;
First Amendment; Gag orders;
Prior restraints
Pretrial reporting. See Fair trial vs.
free press
Prior restraints
alternatives to, 152
exceptions to, 47, 54
first use of, 40
Pentagon Papers case, 64-65
pretrial publicity, 154
public nuisance law as, 45
unconstitutionally of, 45-46
See also Gag orders; Near v. Min-
nesota
Privacy, right to
abortion rights, 207
Griswold v. Connecticut, 198-200
meaning, 208
origins, 193, 195
single persons, 202
Privileges and immunities clause
Slaughterhouse Cases, 26
Psychiatrists
as expert witnesses, 185-86
Public nuisance law
constitutionality of, 38-39, 45-46
stated, 38
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